GridPlants

Biomass and waste power plants in the United States

Biomass and waste units in the 2025 EIA-860 data total 12.5 GW of nameplate capacity, 0.9% of the US fleet. It is the main source at 584 plants; Florida has the most, with 1,144 MW. More of today’s biomass and waste capacity came online in 2013 than in any other year (761 MW). The oldest unit still working went into service in 1938 at Humboldt Sawmill Company, California.

When today’s biomass and waste capacity was built

Above the line: capacity still operable in 2025, by the year each unit came online. Below: biomass and waste capacity retired in each year, including plants that have closed completely (EIA’s retired-generator file).

200 MW400 MW600 MW200 MW19301940195019601970198019902000201020200

States with the most biomass and waste capacity

  1. Florida1,144 MW
  2. California1,096 MW
  3. Georgia882 MW
  4. Virginia816 MW
  5. Alabama675 MW
  6. Maine559 MW
  7. Michigan531 MW
  8. Pennsylvania494 MW
  9. South Carolina491 MW
  10. Louisiana487 MW
  11. New York453 MW
  12. North Carolina425 MW
  13. Minnesota386 MW
  14. Texas363 MW
  15. Massachusetts346 MW

Largest units

The single biggest biomass and waste generator is unit 1 at Deerhaven Renewable, rated at 116 MW.

PlantStateUnit sizeOnline
Deerhaven RenewableFlorida116 MW2013
Nacogdoches PowerTexas114 MW2012
Rumford CogenerationMaine103 MW1990
Palm Beach Renewable Energy Facility 2Florida96 MW2015
Covanta Delaware ValleyPennsylvania90 MW1991
Kentucky MillsKentucky88 MW2001
Covington FacilityVirginia82.4 MW2013
International Paper Red River MillLouisiana78.8 MW2008

The 25 largest biomass and waste plants

RankPlantStateRuns onCapacityFirst unitOperator
1Mansfield MillLouisianaBiomass and waste172 MW1981IPC-Mansfield Mill
2Covington FacilityVirginiaBiomass and waste161 MW1951WestRock Corp
3AshdownArkansasBiomass and waste156 MW1968Domtar Industries Inc
4Okeelanta CogenerationFloridaBiomass and waste129 MW1996New Hope Power Company
5GCF US Holdings LLC Columbus MillMississippiBiomass and waste129 MW1982GCF - Columbus Mill
6Covanta Fairfax EnergyVirginiaBiomass and waste124 MW1990Covanta Fairfax Inc
7Escanaba MillMichiganBiomass and waste122 MW1969Billerud Escanaba LLC
8Mead Coated BoardAlabamaBiomass and waste120 MW1966Mead Coated Board Inc
9Deerhaven RenewableFloridaBiomass and waste116 MW2013Gainesville Regional Utilities
10Domtar Paper Co LLC Plymouth NCNorth CarolinaBiomass and waste114 MW1976Domtar Paper Company LLC
11Nacogdoches PowerTexasBiomass and waste114 MW2012Austin Energy
12Clearwater Paper IPP LewistonIdahoBiomass and waste114 MW1950Clearwater Paper Corporation
13Sylvamo Corporation Eastover FacilitySouth CarolinaBiomass and waste110 MW1984Sylvamo Corporation - Eastover
14Somerset PlantMaineBiomass and waste107 MW1976Sappi Fine Paper North America-Somerset
15Georgia-Pacific Brewton MillAlabamaBiomass and waste103 MW1964Georgia-Pacific Brewton LLC
16Rumford CogenerationMaineBiomass and waste103 MW1990ND Paper, Inc.
17WestRock-West Point MillVirginiaBiomass and waste101 MW1954WestRock-West Point Mill
18H PowerHawaiiBiomass and waste100 MW1989Covanta Honolulu Resource Recovery
19Gaylord Container BogalusaLouisianaBiomass and waste99.5 MW1979Temple-Inland Corp
20SEMASS Resource RecoveryMassachusettsBiomass and waste98.5 MW1988SEMASS Partnership
21Fernandina Beach MillFloridaBiomass and waste96.9 MW1982WestRock, Fernandina Beach
22Palm Beach Renewable Energy Facility 2FloridaBiomass and waste96 MW2015Solid Waste Authority of Palm Beach Co
23International Paper Georgetown MillSouth CarolinaBiomass and waste95.6 MW1966International Paper Co-GT Mill
24Sappi Cloquet MillMinnesotaBiomass and waste94.5 MW1929Sappi Cloquet LLC
25Pixelle Specialty Solutions LLC - ChilliOhioBiomass and waste92.8 MW1952US Paper Mill Company

All 584 in the finder